Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

In electrical components, internal resistance occurs due to the resistance of the electrolyte. When a load is connected to the supply, the current flows through the internal resistance of the supply, causing the drop in voltage. The transference of maximum power from a supply to a load is required in electronic circuits, which is explained using the circuit diagram below.

FIGURE

        According to this theorem, maximum power is developed in a load when the load resistance (R_L) is equal to the internal resistance (R_i) of the supply.

        When the load resistance and the supply resistance are equal, they are said to be matched.